Comparison of Diplopia and Ocular Torsion Rate in Blow-Out Fracture Patients

PURPOSE: We compared ocular torsion rates in blow-out fracture patients before and after blowout fracture repair by analyzing mean disc foveal angles. METHODS: The study participants were divided into 2 groups: blow-out fracutre repair patients (n = 36) and controls (n = 36). We measured ocular torsion rates by analyzing mean disc foveal angle. The angle was composed of 2 imaginary horizontal lines which crossed the optic disc center and fovea. We compared statistically ocular torsion rates in blow-out fracture patients based on subsided diplopia, continued diplopia, or absence of diplopia before and after blow-out fracture repair using paired t-test. RESULTS: In the patient group, ocular torsion rates were statistically significantly decreased. In the blow-out fracture repair group with subsided diplopia, ocular torsion rates were decreased statistically from 7.74 +/- 3.48 degrees before blow-out fracture repair to 5.02 +/- 3.11 degrees after blow-out fracture repair. In the blow-out fracture repair group with continued diplopia or absence of diplopia before surgery, ocular torsion rates did not change statistically significantly from 6.36 +/- 2.80 degrees before blow-out fracture repair to 6.51 +/- 3.24 degrees after blow-out fracture repair. CONCLUSIONS: Subsided diplopia after blow-out fracture repair and ocular torsion rate changes were significantly related in blow-out fracture patients. Further research which on the correlation of intraorbital change and movement of orbital position after blow-out fracture repair with ocular torsion rates are necessary.

Relapsing Polychondritis Presenting with Repeated Inflammation of Bilateral Eyelid and Conjunctiva

PURPOSE: To report a rare case of a 62-year-old man who presented with bilateral eyelid swelling, chemosis, and hyperemia of the conjunctiva, which wax and waned, being the initial manifestation of relapsing polychondritis. CASE SUMMARY: A 62-year-old man presented with pain and erythematous swelling of the right eyelid for 2 days. There were no other symptoms except chemosis and hyperemia of the conjunctiva. After 1 week, the same symptoms occurred in the left eye, while the lesion of the right eye underwent improvement and aggravation repeatedly. Blood culture tests, Orbital CT, and MRI were performed, but could not confirm a diagnosis. During the follow-up period, erythematous swelling of the left auricle and laryngopharyngitis appeared and erythematous plaques were scattered on the extremities. Punch biopsies were performed; histopathologic examinations concluded to the diagnosis of chondritis. The diagnosis of relapsing polychondritis was confirmed through histologically diagnosed chondritis and repeated ocular symptoms with systemic features. CONCLUSIONS: When patients repeatedly present bilateral eyelid swelling with hyperemia and chemosis of the conjunctiva, relapsing polychondritis should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation for Perforation and Impending Perforation of Cornea: Four Cases

PURPOSE: To report successfully cured four cases of amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT) as a primary procedure in the cornea that was perforated or impending perforation. METHODS: We performed AMT on 1 case of corneal perforation due to chemical burn, 1 case of perforated descemetocele, 1 case of perforated corneal ulcer due to metallic foreign body and 1 case of impending corneal perforation due to recurrent keratitis. Three or four layers of amniotic membrane(AM) that preserved under -70degrees C were applied over the perforation site and anchored with 10-0 nylon interrupted or running sutures. In one case, a large AM piece was used as a temporary patch. After surgery, all cases were treated with systemic antibiotics, antibiotic eyedrops, and topical corticosteroids. RESULTS: Amniotic membrane transplantation was successful in sealing the perforation in all cases. All corneas remained stable and visual acuity improved. There was no infection or rejection postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation allowed a successful repair of corneal perforations. This method may be a good alternative to patch graft or penetrating keratoplasty for treating corneal perforations.

Profiling of Differentially Expressed Genes in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte on Human Amniotic Membrane

PURPOSE: To identify genes that showed altered expression between human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell cultured on plastic and on amniotic membrane by the technique of differential hybridization of two Altas(TM) Human cDNA expression array. METHODS: 32P-labeled complimentary DNA probes derived from RNA of either human polymorphonuclear leukocyte cultured on plastic and cultured on amniotic membrane were hybridized to two identical human cDNA expression array membranes containing 588 known genes. RESULTS: Of the total 588 genes, 130 genes were up- or down-regulated. 50 up-regulated and 80 down-regulated genes were identified in polymorphonuclear leukocyte cultured on amniotic membrane compared with control. After different signal intensity was normalized more than 4000 by Atlas Image(TM) 1.0 Software, 19 genes were up-regulated and 36 genes down-regulated. CONCLUSIONS: Genes associated with the process of apoptosis, DNA synthesis and repair were down-regulated in PMN cultured on AM and genes associated with DNA binding protein, transcription factor were altered. Cell-cell communication factors including TGF-beta, PDGF-A, RANTES, MRP-14, oncostatin M, MIP-2 alpha were significantly down-regulated and cell surface antigen CD11a (LFA-1) was down-regulated, suggesting that AM can suppress the inflammatory reaction mediated by adhesion molecule, inflammatory, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Clinical and Mycological Studies on Dermatophytosis / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

Vitamin K1 Dermatitis / 대한피부과학회지

We observed allergic cutaneous reaction to vitsmin K, injection in 3 patients who developed pruritic erythematous indurated plaques at the sites of intramuscular injection and leakage sites of vitamin K1 preparation into dermis during IV injection 12 to 23 days after injection. Intradermal tests with vitamin K1,K3 and their placebos performed on 145 healthy medical students revealed positive skin reaction in 13 students 7 to 22 days after injection similar to the original 3 cases. Five students also showed the same reaction to vitarnin K1 placebo, however, a more severe reaction to vitamin K1 preparation than its placebo in 3 of them, indicating that the index of cutaneous sensitivity of vitamin K1 lies somewhere between 5. 5,% and 8. 9%. There was no cross sensitivity between vitamin K1 and K3 We consider these reactions to be of allergic nature.

A Case of Subepidermal Calcified Nodules Showing An Unusual Clinical Manifestation / 대한피부과학회지

Subepidermal calcified nodules, consisting of solitary circumscribed deposits of insoluble calcium within the subepidermis, have generally been assumed to be idiopathic. As the disease is not associated with any systemic or cutaneous diseases, or any biochemical abnormalities, the pathogenesis is still unexplained, and it is thought to be a definite entity with only a characteristic histopathology. We report a 36-year-old female who has had subepidermal calcified nodules on both upper eyelids symmetrically for about 20 years. It is interesting that the lesions have xanthelasma-like appearance and are associated with syringomas. Excisional biopsy showed typical histopathologic and histochemical features of the sub epidermal calcified nodules.

A Study on Skin Tumors and Tumorous Conditions of Eyelid and Periorbital Area / 대한피부과학회지

A study was made on 72 cases of skin tumor and tumorous conditions of the eyelid and periorbita,l areas which were obtained as surgical pathology specimens during the period. of 5 years and 8 months from January, 1977 to August, 1982, at Department of Dermatology, Chosun University Hospital. The results were as follows. Of the 72 cases of skin tumor and tumorous conditions, 65 cases (90. 5%) were benign, and 7 cases (9. 7%) were malignant. The ratio of male vs. female was 1: 3. 6 for benign tumorous conditions and 6: 1 for malignant tumors. The peak age incidence for benign tumorous conditions were at the 3rd decade (R6. 9%). The peak age incidence for malignant tumors were at the R rd decade (28. 6%) and above the 7 the decade (28. 6%). The benign tumorous conditions were 21 cases (82. S%) of syringoma, 21 cases (82. 3%) of pigmented nevus, 6 cases (9. 2%) of epidermal cyst and 5 cases (7. 7%) of xanthelasma. The malignant tumors were R cases (42. 9%) of squamous cell carcinoma, 2 cases (28. 6,.) of basal cell epithelioma and 2 cases (28. 6%) of malignant melanoma. The predilection sites of the benign tumorous conditions were lower eyelid and inferior periorhital area (59. 1%). The predilection sites of the malignant t:umors were lower eyelid and inferior periorbital area (42. 9%).

A Case of Neonatal Tinea Capitis / 대한피부과학회지

Recently the frequency of Microsporum canis, as a causative dermatophyte of tinea capitis, is increasing in our country. We herein report a case of tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis in an eight-day-old infant. Infection was contracted, presumably, from a kitten who had tinea corporis caused by the same species of Microsporum and who lived in the patients house. It is extremely rare for tinea capitis to occur in the neonatal period. Although only one case had been reported in the foreign literature, to our knonwledge, a case has never been reported in Korea. We believe that this patient is the youngest patient with Miicrosporum canis infection of the scalp yet reported, and it is also of interest that he has atypical lesions with black-dot-like non-inflammatory alopecic patches on the scalp.

Three Case of Colloid Milium / 대한피부과학회지

Colloid miliurn consists of yellowish translucent papules or plecques on the light-exposed skin. Histologically, colloid milium shows sharply circumscribed masses of a fissured, homogeneous, faintly eosinophilic material in the upper third of the dermis. The authors present three elderly female patients of colloid milium who had yellowish translucent papules on the face and dorsum of the hands. The incidence of the disorder may be heigher than has been suspected.

Botryomycosis: A Case Report / 대한피부과학회지

No abstract available.

Primary Cutaneous Monomorphous Lymphoma: A Report of 3 Cases / 대한피부과학회지

Primary cutaneous monomorphous lymphoma is rare compared to the more usual involvement of skin secondary to internal monomorphous lymphoma. The histopathological diagnosis of the primary cutaneous monomorphous lymbhoma (PCML) requires differentiation from cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. The authors observed 3 cases of PCML. Case 1 was 21 year-old woman, who had an initial lesion on her left arm. Histopathologically it was diagnosed as poorly differentiated. lymphocytic lymphoma and was treated by surgical excision. Six months after onset she developed new lesions on her skin elsewhere, histopathologically diagnosed as well differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. She died of infiltration of the bone marrow 19 months after the initial onset, even though combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy resulted in clinical improvernent. Case 2 was a 70 year-old woman having an unusual cutaneous manifestation of an adult palm sized ulcerative, indurated tumor on her right forearm, histopathologically diagnosed as histiocytic lymphoma. There was no evidence of extracutaneous in volvement except right axillary lymphadenopathy. Case 3 was 72 year-old man, who had a clinical manifestation to that of case 2, histopathologically diagnosed as histiocytic lymphoma and received radiotherapy with good improvement. The patient did not show any evidence of extracutaneous involvement five months after the onset.

Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia / 대한피부과학회지

A case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia was seen at the Dermatological Clinic of Chosun Univeraity Hospital, with a classical symptom triad consisting of hypohidrosis to anhidroais, hypotrichosis and hypodontia, and characteristic facial appearance. He was a 20 year-old male patient who presented, in addition, milium-like papules of sebaceous hyperplasia located on the nose and cheeks, supernumerary nipples of right breast, ceruminosis since childhood, and absence of apocrine glands on the axilla and pubic area, all of which are not frequently observed in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Dermatoglyphics of this patient revealed that the axial triradius of the left palm was t, its atd angle was 42 degree, and the total ridge count of finger print was 5. This patient has no relatives showing the symptoms of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and the genetics was discussed in relation to this disease.

Daily Topical Sequential Triple Therapy of Tretinoin, Betamethasone Valerate and Hydroquinone on Melasma / 대한피부과학회지

Daily topical sequential triple therapy(tretinoin, betamethasone valerate and hydroquinone), as proposed by Kligman et al and Gano et al, has been performed on 29 Korean female patients with melasma. After 4 weeks treatment with 2% hydroquinone cream, only three of eight patients (37. 5%) showed good to excellent results. However, after 4 weeks treatment with 4% hydroquinone cream, twelve of twentyone patients (57. 1%) showed good to excellent results and its therapeutic effects appeared more rapidly than the former group. Overall, after 4 weeks treatment. 96.6% of the total group showed fair to excellent results of which 57. 7% had a good to excellent rating. The fair-com- plexioned Koreans had a better response than dark-complexioned.

Statistical Study of Acne Vulgaris in Korean Adolescence / 대한피부과학회지

Acne vulgaris was studied from July, 1976, to September, 1976, in 1, 089 high school students by questionaires in Kwangju city. Results were as follows; 1. The prevalence of acne in this group was 71. 2 % There was no difference between boys and girls, 2. Generally, severity of acne in boys was higher than girls. 3. Approximately 80% of all participants who had acne had involvement of the face 4. The mean age of onset was 15. 7 in boys and 15. 2 in girls. 5. Among 53.9% of the participants who reported a seasonal change, there was irnprovernent in acne during fall in boys, winter in gi."1s. 6. Relation between the severity of acne and menstural period was not noticed. 7. Of the students with acne, 58.3% had a familial history. 8. The mean age of initiation of therapy was 16. 5 years for bosy and 15. 2 years for girls.